اختلاف روايات موطأ الإمام مالک وأثره على علمي الرواية والدراية

المخلـــــــص
 
يناقش هذا البحث مسألة اختلاف روايات الموطأ، وأسباب هذا الاختلاف، وأثره على علمي الرواية والدراية وقد الأقسام الرئيسة للبحث: المقدمة، المبحث الأول: تعريف موجز بکتاب الموطأ ورواياته. المبحث الثاني: أسباب اختلاف روايات موطأ الإمام مالک، المبحث الثالث: أثر اختلاف روايات موطأ الإمام مالک على علم الرواية، المبحث الرابع: أثر اختلاف روايات موطأ الإمام مالک على علم الدراية، الخاتمة، الفهارس. ومن أبرز نتائج البحث: طالت مدة عناية الإمام مالک بکتابه الموطأ منذ تأليفه تهذيبًا وتنقيحًا نحوًا من أربعين سنة. کان لطول عناية الإمام مالک بکتابه الموطأ مع اختلاف سنيِّ سماع رواته أحد أهم أسباب اختلاف روايات الموطأ بعضها عن بعض. وقوع بعض رواة الموطأ أو بعض ناسخيه بالخطأ من أهم العوامل لاختلاف روايات الموطأ بعضها عن بعض. حديث أبي هريرة ((ليس على المسلم في عبده...)) وَهِمَ فيه يحيى الليثي فزاد في إسناده واوًا بين سليمان بن يسار وعراک بن مالک والصواب عدمها..
 
The Diversity of Narrations in Imam Malik’s Muwatta and its
Impact on the Sciences of Narration and Cognizance
 
By:  Yasser Bin Ibrahim Bin Mohammed Al-Kazllan
Associate Professor of Jurisprudence and its Principals
Department of Islamic Studies
Faculty of Arts and Sciences in Al-Rass, Qassim University
E.MAIL: y.alqazlan@gmail.com
Abstract
This research follows the objective approach. It includes an introduction, four chapters, a conclusion and a list of references. The first chapter identifies Imam Malik’s Muwatt and its narrations. The second chapter investigates the key reasons beyond this diversity of narrations. The third chapter discusses the impact of diversity upon the science of narration whereas the fourth chapter handles the impact of diversity upon the science of cognizance.  After that, there is the conclusion which includes the findings of the research then follows the list of references. The most outstanding findings of this research include the fact that Imam Malik took around forty years to write, revise and edit his Muwatta. The intensive care of Imam Malik throughout writing his Muwatta and the different years of listening to his narrators resulted in notable diversity of narrations. Next, some of the narrators of the Muwatta or its transmitters committed mistakes which also resulted in diverse narrations within the sphere of the Muwatta. In the Hadith of Abu- Huraira “The Muslim is not obliged to give alms on behalf of his slave…..”, Yahia Allithey suspiciously added wa  “and” in his narration in between Solayman Bin Yassar and Irak Ibn Malik but the truth is not to add it. Likewise, the Hadith of Aisha “Abu Jaham Ibn Hothaifa…”, Yahia Allithy suspiciously removed Um Alqamah from his narration but the truth is that she should not be removed. Moreover, the Hadith of Attaban Ibn Malik “It was the day his folks………”, Yahia Allithy suspiciously said in his narration “Mahmoud Ibn Lubaid” but in fact he was “Mahmoud Ibn Al-Rabea”. Similarly, the Hadith of Zaid Bin Khalid Al-Juhany “I am determined to cast a glance on the prayers of Prophet Muhammad ‘Peace be upon him’…….” suspiciously Yahia dropped the phrase “He prayed two light rakaats “prostration” and truthfully, he had not to drop the phrase as it was true to mention it. According to the Sunnah, the one who spends the night worshipping commences his prayers by these two rakaats. Another example is found in the Hadith of Jaber Bin Abdellah when he said that “Prophet Muhammad ‘peace be upon him’ whenever he hurries in between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa….”, Yahia Allithy suspiciously thought of this utterance but in fact it was uttered like “ when he descends Al- Safa….”. According to Allithy’s narration, the Prophet hurried between Al-Safa and Al-Marwa while riding whereas other narrations said that he the Prophet hurried on foot. The Hadith of Zaid Bin Khalid Al-Juhany “A Man died on the Day of Hunain…….” Yahia Allithy imagined this utterance but in fact it was “A Man died on the Day of Khaibar…..” this could be traced back to his statement by the end of the Hadith “We found beads for the Jews..” but in Hunain there was no Jews. In addition, there was around year in between the two conquests and recognizing the years of happenings is very important for the section of rulings and abrogation.