نقد المتن بين ضوابط المحدثين وتجاوز المبطلين دراسة وتطبيق

وضع المحدِّثون قواعد جليلةً بنوا عليها نقدهم لِرجال الإسناد، وشفعوا ذلک بوضع قواعد وضوابط استقرّوا عليها لِنقد المتن؛ وصولاً إلى سلامة الحديث مِن الشذوذ والعلة القادحة في صحّته .. وفي هذا البحث أتناول شروط قبول الرواية عند المحدِّثين وعلاقتها بالمتن، وسبب عناية المحدِّثين بالإسناد، وجهودهم في نقد المتن، وأثر نقد المتن في الحکم على الحديث والراوي، وقواعد المحدِّثين في نقد المتن، ثم أختم بذکر نماذج لِتجاوزات بعض المعاصرين في نقد المتون، وأهمّ النتائج والتوصيات والمقترحات .
الکلمات المفتاحية: النقد - متن الحديث - قواعد المحدثين – تجاوزات المعاصرين.


CRITICISM OF HADITH^[1] TEXT BETWEEN THE RULES SET BY MODERN SCHOLARS AND THE TRANSGRESSIONS OF THOSE WHO REJECT IT:
AN APPLIED STUDY
BY DR MUHAMMAD KAMEL MUHAMMAD HASSAN, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF HADITH AND ITS SCIENCES, COLLEGE OF SHARI‛A AND REGULATIONS, TAIF UNIVERSITY
dr.mohdkamel66@yahoo.com
Abstract
  Modern scholars of Hadith set golden rules on which they based their criticism of the Hadith narrators, and they added more rules and constrictions, which they agreed on, for criticising the Hadith text. Their purpose was to reach Hadiths that are free from deficiencies or defects that may affect its soundness. In this research paper, I tackle the terms necessary for accepting the narration as set by the modern scholars of Hadith, and their relation to the Hadith text. I handle the reasons why those scholars were concerned with the chain of narrators, their efforts in criticising the text, the rules for this purpose, and the effect of this criticism on the status of the Hadith and its narrators. Then, I conclude by mentioning examples of current scholars who exceed the rules in their criticism of the Hadith texts. This is followed by the most significant results, recommendations, and suggestions.
Key words: criticism – Hadith text – rules set by modern scholars – exceeding the rules by those who reject the Hadith



[1] Prophet’s saying